Overview
Educational academic overview: pneumonia involves alveolar inflammation and consolidation; commonly grouped as community-acquired or hospital-acquired for study purposes.
Symptoms
- cough, sometimes with phlegm
- fever, sweating, and chills
- shortness of breath
- chest pain when breathing or coughing
Causes
- infection by bacteria, viruses, or fungi
- breathing in irritants in some cases
Risk factors
- very young or older age
- long-term lung or heart conditions
- a weakened immune system
Prevention
- keeping recommended vaccinations up to date
- good hand hygiene
- not smoking
Emergency warning signs
- severe difficulty breathing
- bluish lips or face
- confusion
Evaluation & tests
Educational note: qualified clinicians assess pneumonia with examination, chest imaging, and other tests. This library does not diagnose.
Treatment education
Educational overview: care is individualized by clinicians and depends on the cause and severity. This library does not prescribe.
Self-care
General education: rest, fluids, and following a clinician's plan can support recovery when advised.
When to seek care
Seek professional care for persistent fever, cough, or breathing difficulty.